Types of emulsifying agents slideshare. • be compatible with other .

Types of emulsifying agents slideshare. Macroemulsions are the most common form of emulsions used in food industry and are found in a variety of products, including milk, beverages, mayonnaise’s dips, sauces and desserts. This results in the preservation of the droplet size over time, thereby promoting the stabilization of the emulsion. Emulsifiers are also knownas emulsifying agents or emulgent. 3. Mar 2, 2020 · Mechanism of emulsification: • Emulsifying agents are employed to reduce the interfacial tension. non greasy and easily removable from the skin. Emulsion stability depends on the emulsifying agent and preventing effects like creaming, flocculation, coalescence, cracking, and phase inversion. Aug 8, 2023 · Erythrosine tartrazine etc. Emulsifying agents/ Emulgent /Emulsifiers The emulsifying agent reduces the interfacial tension between the two phases i. Classification of Hydrocolloid emulsifying agents Accacia: (o/w) –Best E. Jun 5, 2023 · Emulsifying agents. system. Wetting agents. 11. Sep 26, 2012 · EMULSIFYING AGENTS Any compound that lowers the interfacial tension and forms a film at the interface TYPES: 1. 25. A imparts better stability Ionic type of E. Apr 29, 2019 · It also covers emulsion components, applications in pharmaceuticals, formulation, identification of emulsion type, selection of emulsifying agents, mechanisms of action, and factors affecting stability. Emulsions can be classified based on globule size, dispersed and continuous phases, and the emulsifying agent used. Emulsions are used to deliver poorly water-soluble drugs and provide benefits like masking unpleasant tastes, sustained release, and dermal delivery in cosmetics and Aug 20, 2018 · 8. Oct 22, 2016 · Types of emulsifying agents: 1) Surface active agent: adsorbed at oil/water interface to form monomolecular film to reduce the interfacial tension 2) Hydrophilic colloids: forming a multimolecular film around the dispersed droplet 3) Finely divided solid particles: they are adsorbed at the interface between two immiscible liquid phases to form Apr 27, 2015 · Factors affecting the type of emulsion: Type of emulsion produced (o/w or w/o) depends upon following factors : Type of emulsifying agent : Type of emulsion is a function of relative solubility of emulsifying agent . Polysorbate 60 4. o The two basic types of micro emulsions are (o/w) and (w/o). OR • Emulsion is a dispersion in which the dispersed phase is composed of small globules of a liquid distributed throughout a vehicle in which it is immiscible and stabilized by emulsifying agent . glyceryl monostearate, are w/o emulsifying agents and therefore their emulsifying and water absorbing capacities are good. Jul 7, 2021 · Emulsifiers (selection E. Examples of Emulsifying agent 1. Divalent and trivalent surfactants: calcium oleate (w/o) are water in oil emulsifying surfactant. Tragacanth –High viscosity, used as emulsionsstabilizer Agar –Extract from sea weed, used as emulsion stabilizer Jun 9, 2020 · 5. Every Sep 19, 2016 · HLB value & Application ü 1 ~ 3 Anti-foaming agent. Surface active agents are utilized in emulsions to stabilize the two phases. Emulsions Suspensions These are biphasic liquid preparations containing two immiscible liquids one of which is dispersed as minute globules into the other These are biphasic liquid dosage form of medicament in which finely divided solid particles are dispersed in a liquid Globule size of the dispersed liquid is in the range of 0. The key points are emulsions are thermodynamically unstable systems requiring emulsifying agents and mechanical energy to form and maintain. The phase in which it is soluble becomes the continuous phase. Natural emulsifying agents – acacia, tragacanth, agar, pectin, gelatin, methylcellulose 2. They form oil in water emulsion. Nov 7, 2019 · Emulsifying Agent: Emulsions are stabilized by adding an emulsifying agent. The type of emulsion (O / W or W / O) is affected by: • the ratio of the oil to water (non-polar to polar) phase; • the chemical properties and the concentration of the emulsification agent; • the temperature; the presence of additives; • for solid particles as the stabilizing agents (Pickering emulsions) the wetting conditions (contact angles of the oil and water phases on the May 16, 2021 · Emulsifying agents The emulsifying agent reduce the interfacial tension between two phase and oily phase and water make them miscible with each other and forma stable emulsion. Identification tests include dilution, dye, conductivity, and fluorescence tests to determine the emulsion type. Formulation of Emulsion 1. Irrespective of their chemical nature, they tend to concentrate at the interface and form a tough film around the globules. They are effective at high concentrations, and promote the formation of o/w type emulsion owing to their hydrophobicity. Plastic or Interfacial filmtheory The plastic or interfacial film theory places the emulsifying agent at the interface between the oil and water, surrounding the droplets of the internal phase as a thin layer of film adsorbed on the surface of the drops. Amine surfactants: triethanolamine oleate surfactant is preferentially used for pharmaceutical applications. Feb 23, 2023 · 3. Griffin devised a useful method for calculating balanced mixture of emulsifying agent to provide a Particular type of emulsion. Apr 17, 2019 · Pharmaceutical Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable mixtures of two immiscible liquids stabilized by an emulsifying agent. The formation of an o/w or a w/o emulsion depends on the degree of solubility of the agent in the two phases, with water-soluble agents May 19, 2016 · It classifies suspending agents into polysaccharides, inorganic salts, and synthetic compounds. Auxiliary Emulsifying Agents A variety of fatty acids (e. Synthetic agents include carbomers and colloidal silicon dioxide. preferred for internal use as bitter taste of oils can be masked. Since these substances are of variable chemical composition, these exhibit considerable variation in emulsifying properties. 7. Classification of emulsifying agents: Emulsifying agent may be classifying into three groups: 1-Natural emulsifying agents: Form monomolecular and multimolecular film A-Those from vegetable source as acacia - tragacanth- pectin- derivative of cellulose B-Those from animal source as gelatin- cholesterol –wool fat Advantages: Non toxic and relatively inexpensive Disadvantages: They show 6. May 31, 2023 · Emulsions are used pharmaceutically for oral, rectal, topical, and injectable drug delivery to mask tastes/odors and enhance absorption. ü 3 ~ 6 W/o emulsifying agents. W/O emulsifying agents. of the emulsifying agents are : 1. A. DEFINATION : • Emulsion is thermodynamically unstable mixture of two essentially immiscible liquids . emulsion, an emulsifying agent m ust be added to the . Aug 21, 2022 · 3. Emulsifying agents • They are very important for the stability of emulsions. Abd Karim Alias, 2013© EMULSIFIERS! Functions of Emulsifiers } To promote emulsion stability, stabilize aerated systems, and control agglomeration of fat globules; } To modify texture, shelf life, and rheological properties by complexing with starch and protein components; } To improve the texture of fat-based foods by controlling the polymorphism of fats Sep 21, 2018 · The purpose of this review article is to provide information about types of em ulsions, stability mechanisms . • Surface Activity: It should have the ability to reduce the surface tension to less than 10 dyne/cm. PHASE INVERSION:- Phase inversion means change of one type of emulsion into the other type i. It then discusses the internal and external phases of emulsions, types of emulsions based on dispersed phase and size, advantages and disadvantages, identification tests, emulsifying agents, theories of emulsification, and factors that contribute to emulsion stability like interfacial tension. butter. Emulsifying agents are also called emulsifiers and present in the food like butter, mayonnaise and salad dressing. The presence of certain drugs such as benzoic and salicylic acid or high concentration of alcoholic solutions may provide adequate protection against microorganisms. Jul 24, 2015 · 6. Polysorbate 20 3. Griffin provide a useful method to calculate the balanced mixture of emulsifying agent called as hydrophile lipophile balance (HLB method). Colors approved by the food Drug and cosmetic act are used as Coloring Agent. Microorganisms contaminate the aqueous phase and produce rancidity of the oil phase. vanishing cream. Aug 13, 2020 · Formulation of Emulsion: Selection of Emulsifying agents (emulsifiers): • An emulsifying agent is any material that enhances the stability of an emulsion (i. They usually contain a proportion of partial glycerides some of which e. Semi Synthetic and Natural Surface Active Agents • Also known as Hydrocolloid Emulsifying agents • Provide a protective sheath (Multi-molecular films )around the droplets • Impart a charge to the dispersed droplets ( so that they repel each other • Swell to increase the viscosity of the system ( so that droplets are less likely to Sep 28, 2020 · HLB value 1 - 3 3 - 6 7 - 9 8 - 18 13 -15 15 -18 Application Anti-foaming agent. Sep 1, 2019 · 3. Some examples of polysaccharides agents include acacia, tragacanth, and starches. Pharmaceutically acceptable emulsifiers must also : • be stable . Aug 18, 2014 · 53. These are substances of widely different chemical nature. Common inorganic salts are bentonite, aluminum magnesium silicate, and aluminum hydroxide. The typical values of various surface-active agents and their functions are listed in Table Aug 3, 2013 · 3. 6. Sunday, September 1, 2019 EMULSIFIER │ emulsion S-3 Emulsions are biphasic liquid systems consisting of two immiscible liquid phases. In addition to this protective barrier, emulsifiers Mar 22, 2018 · 5. Emulsifying agents Surfactants HLB Jan 16, 2024 · 31. Feb 18, 2011 · A stable emulsion is formed when two immiscible liquids are held stable by a third substance, called an emulsifying agent. b)By changing the phase volume ratio. Jul 20, 2016 · - Detergents are substances that help water cleanse things better by acting as wetting agents and emulsifying agents. Multiple emulsions contain both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. d)By changing the emulsifying agent. Jun 23, 2023 · 9. Ø They are thermodynamically unstable systems consisting of at least two immiscible phases, in which one phase is dispersed as globules in the other liquid phases with the help of an emulsifying agent. • Charge Production: The emulsifier must form charges on the surface of the globules. 2 types of emulsion are Oil-in-water emulsions (O/W) Water-in-oil emulsions (W/O) Emulsifiers that are more soluble in water generally form Nov 6, 2019 · When selecting an emulsifying agent, it should be considered what the HLB value of the dispersed phase is, and the HLB of the emulsifying agent should be as close as possible to it. 25 to 25µm Particle size of suspended solid is in the range Dec 23, 2014 · This document discusses specialized pharmaceutical emulsions. • The polar group is often an ammonium, carboxylate, sulfate, or sulfonate group. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN O/W AND W/O EMULSIONS: (o/w) (w/o) Water is the dispersion medium and oil is the dispersed phase. ü 7 ~ 9 Wetting agents. Oil is the dispersion medium and water is the Jan 22, 2015 · The document defines an emulsion as a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible. May 24, 2021 · 9. It defines emulsions as unstable systems where one liquid is dispersed as globules in another liquid stabilized by emulsifying agents. , dispersed phase or discontinuous phase) is distributed homogeneously throughout a liquid vehicle (i. . Detergents. Apr 23, 2017 · The emulsifying agents reduce the interfacial tensions between two phase i. ü 15 ~18 Solubilizing Agents. oily phase & aqueous phase & thus make them miscible with each other & form a stable emulsion. They can be oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions depending on the dispersed and continuous phases. Emulsions An emulsion may be oil-in-water (o/w) in which case small oil droplets are dispersed through water, e. Semi-synthetic emulsifying agents: Methylcellulose, Sodium CMC, etc. Emulsion Paint : These are the superior quality of paint formed by mixing oil/water and an emulsifying agent to prevent the combination separating. Itmaybe due to following reasons:- a)By the addition of an electrolyte. Prevention of coalescence and reducing creaming). According to Bancroft rule, the phase in which emulsifying agent is more soluble results in Jan 8, 2018 · The two main types are oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, with water as the continuous phase, and water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, with oil as the continuous phase. The ideal emulsifying agent is colourless, odourless, tasteless, non toxic, non-irritant and able to produce stable emulsions at low concentrations. Aug 26, 2017 · 8. Mar 5, 2024 · 2. MICROEMULSION o Clear, stable, liquid mixtures of oil, water and emulsifier, frequently in combination with a coemulsifier. the relative amount of oil and water. Most emulsion are sensitive to growth of bacteria, yeast and mold, because emulsifying agent is suitable media for growth of microorganism. Emulsifying Agents. 6) Emulsifying Agent:-Emulsifying agents/emulsifiers/emulgent reduces the interfacial tension between oil and water (oily and aqueous phase), thus make them miscible with each other and form a stable emulsion. Emulsions have various pharmaceutical applications including oral and topical drug delivery. O/W emulsifying agents. 2. 4. These agents have both a hydrophilic and Lipophilic part in their chemical structure. Acacia 2. • An ideal emulsifying agent has the following properties. A not preferred for internal use as they interact with biomembranes and effect cell functioning When kept for longer periods of time or in case of absence of an emulsifying agent, the phases in the emulsion tend to separate, resulting in “cracking of emulsion” or ” phase inversion”. 25 Dec 12, 2019 · 10. Sterol creams: these creams are w/o type emulsions in which wool fat or wool alcohol is used as emulsifying agent. 19 Types of emulsifying agents: Natural emulsifying agents from vegetable sources – These consist of agents which are carbohydrates and include gums and mucilaginous substances. High softening point grades are advantageous for tropical and sub-tropical formulations. Types of Emulsifying Agents 1) Synthetic emulsifying agents: • Superior to natural ones because they are not susceptible to decomposition by micro-organisms • The ratio of hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in the molecule may be altered, which is advantageous for externally applied emulsions • Only a limited number of synthetic agents are safe for internal use. • Regarding structure, emulsions can be classified as macroemulsions (usually called emulsions), nanoemulsions, or microemulsions. Solubilizing Agents. milk, or water-in-oil (w/o) in which case small water droplets are dispersed through oil, e. All pharmaceutical emulsions require inclusion of emulsier, to ensure the stability of emulsions. 4. These are surface active agents that are added to the emulsions to stabilize the two phases. ii. May 23, 2018 · 2. A variety of emulsifying agents are used, each probably act by different mechanisms. May 10, 2015 · emulsion - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Sep 18, 2018 · 74 4- Synthetic emulsifying agents This group contains surface active agents which act by getting adsorbed at the oil water interface in such a way that the hydrophilic polar groups are oriented towards water and lipophillic non polar groups are oriented towards oil, thus forming a stable film. Multiple emulsifying agents can be combined to reach the desired HLB. ü 13 ~15 Detergents. used externally to provide cooling effect e. ) An emulsifying agent is any material that enhances the stability of an emulsion (i. Thesubstance which is used in the emulsion to stabilize it by increasingits kinetic energyis called anemulsifying agent. Combination of E. Feb 19, 2024 · 10. Apr 11, 2020 · • Selection of emulsifying agent is based on the intended use. Even the distempers now used are more varied and have special properties. The type of emulsier selection is Sep 7, 2015 · They have been the main painting substance for decades and still are excellent budget painting solutions. Jun 12, 2022 · Eg Sodium stearate. The type of emulsion (e. g. , stearyl or cetyl alcohol), and fatty esters (e. These agents surrounds the oil droplets in water and reduces the tension between the two liquids thus impart stability. A for oral emulsions, they have low viscocity, –so creaming occurs, addition of Tragacanth can improve the stability. , o/w emulsion changes into w/o type and vice versa. The ideal emulsifying agent is colourless, odourless, tasteless, non- toxic, non-irritant and able to produce stable emulsions at low concentrations. Synthetic emulsifying agents – anionic, cationic, or nonionic Mar 19, 2024 · Emulsifying agents are used to stabilize the emulsion . e, oil phase and aqueous phase and then make them miscible with each other and form stable emulsion . Milk is an emulsion of butterfat in water, with the protein casein as the emulsifying agent. The substance exerts an effect on the interface, leading to an increase in the kinetic stability of an emulsion. 3 days ago · 2. Emulsifying agent has both polar and non polar types of portion which are soluble in two phases and are wetted by both liquid phases. These creams are relatively greasy and are of further 2 types depending upon the type of emulsifying agent used: i. An emulsion is a type of dispersion in which a liquid phase composed of small droplets or globules (i. • be compatible with other Feb 23, 2021 · Emulsions are stabilized by emulsifying agents which form films around the globules. , stearic acid), fatty alcohols (e. Polysorbate 80 5. Oily creams: these emulsions are water in oil type. For external use, both ionic and non-ionic emulsifying agents are employed. Selection of Emulsifying agents (emulsifiers): An emulsifying agent is any material that enhances the stability of an emulsion (i. e. • one phase persists in droplet form called internal or discontinuous or disperse phase Aug 17, 2018 · Brancrofts Rule: States that though emulsifying agent has affinity towards polar and non-polar liquids, they have preferential solubility in one of the liquid which becomes continuous phase. For example, a little soap will stabilize an emulsion of kerosene in water. , glyceryl monostearate) serve to stabilize emulsions through their ability to thicken the emulsion. • The ideal emulsifying agent is colourless, odourless, tasteless, nontoxic, non-irritant and able to produce stable emulsions at Dec 18, 2023 · 2. Sep 17, 2018 · MULTIMOLECULAR ADSORPTION The emulsifying agents such as acacia and gelatin, tend to form a multimolecular film around the globules and prevents the instability, mainly coalescence. Synthetic emulsifying agents: Anionic emulsifying agents: Sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS) Cationic emulsifying agents: Benzalkonium Chloride; Non-ionic emulsifying agents: Glyceryl ester; Inorganic emulsifying agents: Milk of magnesia Nov 30, 2021 · EMULSIFYING AGENT An emulsifying agent (emulsifier) is a surface-active ingredient which adsorbs at the newly formed oil– water interface during emulsion preparation, and it protects the newly formed droplets against immediate recoalescence. • The emulsifying agents can be ionic, non-ionic or zwitterionic surfactants and proteins or amphiphilic polymers. These have one hydrophilic and one lipophilic part. Jul 31, 2009 · An emulsion is an unstable mixture of two immiscible liquids stabilized by an emulsifying agent. Dec 29, 2023 · 12. iv. , continuous phase) in which it is immiscible using an emulsifying agent. 8. ü 8 ~ 18 O/w emulsifying agents. INTRODUCTION Ø Emulsion is the biphasic (heterogeneous system) liquid dosage form, in which both the phases( the disperse phase & dispersion phase) are liquids. The two main types are oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. c)By temperature change. Tests can identify the emulsion type based on conductivity, dye interaction, or stability on dilution. Emulsions require emulsifying agents to reduce interfacial tension and allow formation. Nov 9, 2014 · The key topics covered include the classification of emulsions as oil-in-water or water-in-oil, theories of emulsification, common emulsifying agents like surfactants and hydrocolloids, and factors affecting the stability of emulsions such as flocculation and creaming. May 3, 2017 · Emulsions are stabilized using emulsifying agents which lower the interfacial tension between the phases. Common emulsifying agents include carbohydrates, proteins, and alcohols. 5. Classification of Emulsifying agents Therefore, emulsions are usually stabilized by an emulsifying agent, a substance that inhibits the coalescence of the dispersed liquid. Mar 11, 2022 · Some examples of emulsifiers are lecithin, soy lecithin, diacetyl tartaric acid, ester of monoglyceride, Mustard, sodium stearoyl lactylate, and sodium phosphates. Mar 12, 2023 · Types of Emulsifying Agents (Emulsifiers or Emulgents) Based on the type of film form/Mechanism of Action at the interface between the two phases, emulsifying agents may be classified as: Monomolecular Films forming Emulsifiers An emulsion is a thermodynamically unstable system consisting of at least two immiscible liquid phases one of which is dispersed as globules in the other liquid phase stabilized by a third substance called emulsifying agent. Feb 28, 2012 · 17. oil-in-water, water-in-oil) depends on the relative solubility of the emulsifying agent. Jul 21, 2024 · 12. Emulsifying agents are also known as emulgents or emulsifier No. o In contrast to ordinary emulsion, micro emulsions form upon simple mixing of the components and do not require the high shear conditions generally used in the formation of ordinary emulsions. Dispersion of insoluble droplet (Oil) into the medium (Water) occurred in such a way where there is no suspension. For internal use, non-ionic and water- soluble emulsifying agents are chosen. Jan 1, 2019 · 7. Alkyl sulphate surfactants: are the esters of fatty alcohols and sulphuric acids. • Another guiding principle is the Bancroft rule, which suggest the nature of the emulsifying agent for each emulsion. There are two main types: soapless detergents made from petroleum and soaps made from animal fats or plant oils. The phase volume ratio i. 1. 6 Type and Concentration of Emulsifying Agents Emulsifying agents are the substances that reduce the interfacial tension between oil phase and aqueous phase, thus resulting in the formation of stable emulsions. All emulsifying agents get adsorbed at the Oil : Water interface to provide a protective barrier around the dispersed droplets. jbccpo sba vxuuv tbi eieqlw jgqz vykhx hvek jdu jgrj